This lesson gives students a clear, exam-focused understanding of independent, dependent, and extraneous variables and how they are used in psychological research. Learners will practise identifying variables from realistic research scenarios, operationalising variables correctly, and explaining how variables are manipulated or measured across different research designs. Through guided examples and exam-style questions, students build the skills needed to write accurate hypotheses, justify methodological choices, and avoid common assessment pitfalls. Ideal for GCSE and A-level revision, this lesson strengthens confidence, precision, and application — not just definitions.